Pearl+Harbor



Before The Attack

September 1940 -//Japan took-over northern French Indochina which anger the United States.The United States placed an embargo on Japan by prohibiting exports of steel, iron, and planefuel to Japan.//

April 1941 - //Japan signed a neutrality treaty with the Soviets.//

June 1941 to August 1941 - //Japan occupied southern Indochina. A few days later, the United States, Britain, and the Netherlands stopped Japanese assets. This prevented Japan from buying oil, which would cripple its army and make its navy and air force completely useless.//

Towards the end of 1941 - //With the Soviets seemingly on the verge of defeat by the Axis powers, Japan attempted to seize the oil resources of Southeast Asia//.

Prior to December 1941 - Japan pursued two course: try to get the oil embargo lifted on terms that would allow them to get the territories they wanted or prepare for war. *Japan's premier, General Tojo Hideki secretly set November 29 as the last day which Japan would accept a settlement without war.* The Warnings


 * The United States had broken the Japanese diplomatic code and knew an attack was imminent. A warning had been sent to Washington, but it arrived too late.
 * Early warning radar were a new technology. Japanese planes were spotted by radar before the attack, but they were assumed to be a flight of American B-17s due in from the West Coast.

Attack

On November 26, 1941, a Japanese task force of six aircraft carriers left towards Hawaii carrying 408 planes to launch a surprise attack on the Americans. 48 planes were used for defensive patrol whle the rest were used in actual battle. The first wave did the most damage, bombing several ships and planes and killing hundreds of crewsmen. Americans finally realized what was happening and retalliated with rigorous gunfire on the attacking planes.

The second wave of attack was the most intense. With the americans fighting back, this was when the Japanese suffered the most casualties. The Americans lost some of their great ships such as the //Arizona//, however. The raid on Pearl Harbor was over an hour and a half after it began. Americans had lost half of their total force in the harbor, including key ships and 188 planes. Their aircraft carriers, however, were out on trainng exercises at the time of the attack, so American troops were able to recover relatively quickly. //The Arizona after being bombed by Japanese aircraft//

The attack was meant to be launched in coordinance with Japan's declaration of war on America, but the message was delayed for almost a whole day, so the raid was seen as a sneak attack.

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Aftermath
//The Attack on Pearl Harbor//

The attack on Pearl Harbor inflicted large-scale destruction on United States vessels and aircrafts.

About 95 percent of the ship at Pearl Harbor was destroy.

About 2,200 people were killed during the Pearl Harbor raid

The Japanese surprise attack was successful but it did not affect the United States as much

It did not affect fuel storage, submarine and intelligence facilities in Pearl Harbor.

When the raid on Pearl Harbor ended. The United States forces attempted to locate the Japanese carrier fleet to counterattack.

They were outnumber by the Japanese fleet carrier and no contacts was made.

United States tries sent the declaration of war to the president 30 minutes before the raid in Pearl Harbor, but was delayed

United States later join World War II because of the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor



=Sources= [|The History Place - Pearl Harbor] [|World War II History] [|Navy History - Pearl Harbor][|Timeline - Pearl Harbor]